Art Degrees Online

Course Code BPH202
Fee Code S2
Number of Assignments 11
Duration (approx) 100 hours

ENTER THE EXCITING WORLD OF DIGITAL PHOTOGRAPHY!

Digital Photography allows you to use image editing software to apply special effects, and gain quality control over your pictures. You can output digital photographs to printers, upload to the web or send images by email. In this course, you will learn it all!
Find out the equipment you need to move to digital photography
Understand computer specifications and factors affecting computer performance for digital imaging
Learn to transfer an image from a digital camera onto your computer
Be able to process digital pictures and output them
Understand scanners and image editing software
Be able to utilise your camera to take great digital photographs.
Basic Principles of Photographic Composition
Find out about image formats and types of files

COURSE STRUCTURE
This course is divided into eleven lessons as follows:

1. Introduction To Digital Technology
How images are captured and stored, categories of equipment & software, scope of applications

2. Equipment -getting started; deciding what you need
CCD’s, Image Sizes, Raster Images,, Video Cards, Colour depth, Computer terminology etc.

3. Digital Technology
Colour, resolution, sensors (how technology enables digital images to be captured).

4. Digital Cameras
Image formation, lenses, camera stability, one shot cameras, 3 shot cameras, terminology (eg.DPI, DVD, Bit, EDO RAM, Plug In etc)

5. Taking Photographs
Principles of Photo Composition, Creating effects, Default Setting, Compression of Data, Dithering, Halftones etc

6. Scanners
Techniques which can be used for digitally capturing images from film photographs, or graphics

7. Uploading Images
How digital images can be transferred effectively from a camera (or scanner) onto another device (eg. a computer, video monitor, television set, etc).

8. The Digital Darkroom
Techniques that can be used to process digital photographs within a computer to achieve improved or changed images

9. Compositing & Imaging – Production & manipulation of images
How digital photos can be manipulated and changed to produce altered images

10. Special Effects
Scope and nature of special effects that can be created with digital photographs

11. Outputs & Applications- Printers, The Internet
How and where digital photography can effectively be used.

Course aims

The HND Photography course is a vocationally focused course that encourages students to explore and refine their practical skills within a professional and supportive environment. Unlike a degree course it follows a structured format of assignment, practical/vocational application and assessment throughout the two stages.
Special course features
Supportive staff and learning environment
Vocational ‘real-world’ assignments
Opportunity for individual specialism within the course
Cross discipline experience and collaboration
Course content

The HND course differs in structure from a degree course in its make-up and delivery. It will be centred on a structured series of assignments, which will form the basis of the students studies. In completing these assignments, students are introduced to practical and vocational scenarios which require them to research and put into practice workshop-based guidance and instruction from the assignment tutors, together with their own research. The course is very much practically based, strongly underpinned with academic research and reading, as students learn, research, develop and apply skills and techniques appropriate to contemporary practical scenarios. The course will prepare the student to enter a broad range of photo-related fields from professional practice through to internet and virtual design. This should enable students to progress their career in a direction of their own choosing.
Stage one

The first stage of study is broadly exploratory in nature, offering students guidance and instruction in a wide range of practical situations from studio and location lighting, darkroom techniques in colour and monochrome to digital imaging and design. This learning is underpinned throughout by contextual and historical study that ultimately places the students’ own work within contemporary and historical practice.
Stage two

The second stage offers students further opportunity to produce work that reflects the individual student’s interests and specialist areas. The aim of this stage is that in completing the assignments, the student graduates with a portfolio of work and a range of knowledge that will take them forward, academically and/or professionally, along their chosen career path.
Typical modules include
Advertising photography
Colour darkroom practice
Curating and participating in exhibitions
Digital Media
Fashion photography
Location photography
Location techniques
Monochrome Darkroom Practice
Press and photojournalism
Studio techniques
Career opportunities

Destinations may include seeking commercial commissions as a photographer in editorial, press, advertising or fashion related fields. Other options are working as a photographic assistant, professional involvement in digital or virtual visual/photographic environments, picture/design agencies or photo libraries. Students may continue in higher education, ‘topping-up’ their HND to an honours degree through a further period of study on a BA (Hons) degree course.

In addition to studies in their program major, all of our students puruse a well-rounded education in foundational design, Liberal Arts and Sciences, Art History, and interdisciplinary and special studies.

Here are the course requirements for this major:
KCPH 120 – Introduction to Photography – 3 Credits
Prerequisites: KCFN 110 or KCVC 113.

An introduction to the fundamentals of photography and 35mm adjustable camera operation. This course includes beginning black and white film development and darkroom printing. The aesthetics of photography will be discussed in terms of its history, and artistic and technical advancements. (Students who have earned credit for VISC 212, Photography, may not use credit earned in KCPH 120 to meet graduation requirements.) Formerly KCFA 261.
KCPH 220 – Intermediate Photography – 3 Credits
Prerequisites: KCPH 120

The refinement of black and white film exposure and darkroom techniques using the zone system. An introduction to studio and artificial lighting techniques as well as extensive work with manipulation of the photographic image. Subject matter and imagery will be emphasized, along with a continuation of the study of photographic history and aesthetics. Formerly KCFA 262
KCPH 225 – Digital Photography I – 3 Credits
Prerequisite: KCPH 120

An introduction to photography’s digital tools: digital cameras, manipulation, and output. Exploration of consumer and pro-sumer level digital cameras and digital lighting considerations. Introduction to Photoshop, especially image compositing and manipulation. An introduction to film and flatbed scanning, resolution, color correction and digital output. The aesthetics unique to the digital environment, as well as its history will be examined.
KCPH 230 – Color Photography – 3 Credits
Prerequisites: KCPH 220

An extensive exploration of color photography with an emphasis placed on color negative printing. A study of color theory as it applies to light and film and the contemporary use of color by photographers. Content issues, as well as history, theory, and aesthetic approaches will be emphasized. Formerly KCFA 363
KCPH 240 – Lighting for Photography – 3 Credits
Prerequisites: KCPH 230.

An introduction to the fundamentals of using and modifying both ambient and studio lighting. This course includes the use of both hot and cold studio lighting for digital and analog photography, including color balancing the light source to specific films. Lighting theory and the history of studio photography will also be discussed. Formerly KCFA 264
KCPH 303 – Special Topics in Photography – 3 Credits
Prerequisites: KCPH 230

Rotating topics in photography utilizing the specific skills and interest of the faculty, community professionals, and visiting artists. Topics may be subject oriented (such as landscape, portrait, documentary, or photojournalism), technique oriented (manipulated image, directorial mode, or alternative process), or issue oriented (visual semiotics, new topographies, etc.)
KCPH 310 – Photo Seminar – 3 Credits
Prerequisites: Junior standing or department consent.

Reading, lecture, and discussion of classic and contemporary essays that outline the important areas of critical discourse in photography including philosophical and psychological theory.
KCPH 325 – Digital Photography II – 3 Credits
Prerequisites: KCPH 225

Advanced digital capture, manipulation, and output with emphasis on digital workflow and color space management. Focus on the use of high-end digital cameras, scanning backs, drum scanners and film recorders for the production of giclee-type prints for exhibition. Discussion of archival issues as related to digital output.
KCPH 340 – Studio Photography – 3 Credits
Prerequisites: KCPH 240

Using medium and large format cameras in the photo studio, especially for perspective control. Exposure control using the zone system. Lighting, posing and staging techniques that are used in classic studio photography including still life, models, food, and fashion. An examination of these classic techniques as applied to fine art photography.
KCPH 403 – Seminar in Photography – 3 Credits
Prerequisites: Upper-lever students

Seminar dealing with special interests in photography.
KCPH 410 – Professional Photographic Practices – 3 Credits
Prerequisites: Senior standing or department approval

A range of practical, legal and ethical issues for the professional photographer including writing an artist’s statement, resumes, business promotional materials, marketing, small business practices, financial practices, and portfolio presentation. Emphasis will be placed on applying to juried shows and the production of a gallery exhibition.
KCPH 430 – Photography Thesis I – 3 Credits
Prerequisites: Senior standing or department approval

Emphasizes the production of a unified body of work emphasizing conceptual development and creative decision-making. Includes individual and group critiques. Formerly KCFA 403
KCPH 460 – Photography Thesis II – 3 Credits
Prerequisites: KCPH 430

Emphasizes responsibility for the creation of a cohesive body of work that displays conceptual continuity and technical integrity. Includes individual and group critiques. The student is required to install a thesis exhibition to complete the BFA degree in photography. Formerly KCFA 460

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The Photography program teaches you composition, lighting, and equipment use. Darkroom techniques, color, and design are explored both on location and in a studio. You’ll develop business skills as you fine-tune your eye for detail. Both digital and film forms of photography will be utilized. Graduates are prepared to seek entry-level employment in positions such as commercial photographer, digital photographer, industrial photographer, photo lab technician, or photojournalist.
Photography Schools: Media Arts Programs – The Art Institutes programs are offered at the following Art Institute locations:
Colorado
The Art Institute of Colorado (Denver)
Florida
Miami International University of Art & Design (Miami)
The Art Institute of Fort Lauderdale (Fort Lauderdale)
Massachusetts
The New England Institute of Art (Boston)
Minnesota
The Art Institutes International Minnesota (Minneapolis)
North Carolina
The Art Institute of Charlotte (Charlotte)
Pennsylvania
The Art Institute of Philadelphia (Philadelphia)
The Art Institute of Pittsburgh (Pittsburgh)
Texas
The Art Institute of Austin (Austin)
The Art Institute of Dallas (Dallas)
The Art Institute of Houston (Houston)
The Art Institute of Houston — North (Houston)
Washington
The Art Institute of Seattle (Seattle)

The Digital Photography program teaches you composition, lighting, and equipment use, utilizing a digital camera and software. Darkroom techniques, color, and design are explored both on location and in a studio. You’ll develop business skills as you fine-tune your eye for detail. Graduates are prepared to seek entry-level employment such as a digital photographer, industrial photographer, photo lab technician, or photojournalist.
Digital Photography Courses & Programs – The Art Institutes programs are offered at the following Art Institute locations:
California
The Art Institute of California — Hollywood (Los Angeles)
The Art Institute of California — Orange County (Santa Ana)
Florida
The Art Institute of Tampa (Tampa)
Illinois
The Illinois Institute of Art — Chicago (Chicago)
The Illinois Institute of Art — Schaumburg (Schaumburg)
Indiana
The Art Institute of Indianapolis (Indianapolis)
Nevada
The Art Institute of Las Vegas (Las Vegas)
Utah
The Art Institute of Salt Lake City (Salt Lake City)

Commercial Photography Classes & Programs

The Commercial Photography program teaches you composition, lighting, and equipment use. Darkroom techniques, color, and design are explored both on location and in a studio. You’ll develop business skills as you fine-tune your eye for detail. You will become familiar with the intricacies of photography for commercial purposes. Graduates are prepared to seek entry-level employment such as technician, photographer’s assistant, digital-imaging artist, product or still-life photographer, and photo re-touch professional.
Commercial Photography Classes & Programs – The Art Institutes programs are offered at the following Art Institute locations:
Georgia
The Art Institute of Atlanta (Atlanta)
South Carolina
The Art Institute of Charleston (Charleston)
Virginia
The Art Institute of Washington (Arlington)

The Mass Communication Photography Department at BHSU offers many opportunities to students interested in photojournalism, commercial or fine art photography. The program offers both basic and advanced black and white photography, color photography, digital imaging, photojournalism, and contemporary issues classes. For photography majors, other courses include studio lighting, the history of photography and alternative
Photography Department

BHSU will give you the chance to learn and excel in the world of photography.
processes.
Photography Department

BHSU will give you the chance to learn and excel in the world of photography.

BHSU has among the finest darkroom and digital imaging facilities in South Dakota and surrounding region with black and white and color labs, film developing area and imaging lab. The digital imaging lab is complete with multiple Mac computers, scanners, and various large format and desk-top printing stations.
Basic Black and White Photography– The introductory course in photography for students wishing to major in the area or for those who just have a general interest in photography. Basic camera functions and darkroom techniques, including processing, printing, and digitalizing black and white photographs are discussed in this course. Weekly critiques help students sharpen compositional and aesthetic skills.
Photojournalism– In this course you will discuss photography as it relates to the media and the public. Learning to tell a story using both still and video imagery is also stressed. The course emphasizes the content and design of photo essays and legal and ethical aspects of photography.
Digital Photography– This course will introduce you to techniques and software used to produce digital imagery. A variety of photo manipulations and graphics software will be used with digital and conventional cameras.
Advance Black and White Photography– This course expands on basic photography knowledge and introduces you to alternative techniques and processes in the black and white area. This course allows you to develop your own style of photography and helps you to create your portfolio. As with most photography courses there are weekly critiques.
Color Photography– This course is an introduction to basic color photography. In this course, you will learn darkroom and digital techniques for printing color images as well as alternative processes, such as Polaroid transfers.
Contemporary Issues in Photography-- This course changes from year to year. It is designed to allow you to further expand on areas that interest you and build your portfolio. You are encouraged to use and experiment with a variety of photographic processes and mediums, such as digital, black and white, color, or alternative processes.
Studio Lighting-- This course is designed to give you an overview of studio and commercial lighting. In this course you will learn how to use a wide range of studio lighting equipment and lighting techniques. This is a great course if you are considering studio product or portraiture photography as a career.

Course aims

The HND Photography course is a vocationally focused course that encourages students to explore and refine their practical skills within a professional and supportive environment. Unlike a degree course it follows a structured format of assignment, practical/vocational application and assessment throughout the two stages.
Special course features
Supportive staff and learning environment
Vocational ‘real-world’ assignments
Opportunity for individual specialism within the course
Cross discipline experience and collaboration
Course content

The HND course differs in structure from a degree course in its make-up and delivery. It will be centred on a structured series of assignments, which will form the basis of the students studies. In completing these assignments, students are introduced to practical and vocational scenarios which require them to research and put into practice workshop-based guidance and instruction from the assignment tutors, together with their own research. The course is very much practically based, strongly underpinned with academic research and reading, as students learn, research, develop and apply skills and techniques appropriate to contemporary practical scenarios. The course will prepare the student to enter a broad range of photo-related fields from professional practice through to internet and virtual design. This should enable students to progress their career in a direction of their own choosing.
Stage one

The first stage of study is broadly exploratory in nature, offering students guidance and instruction in a wide range of practical situations from studio and location lighting, darkroom techniques in colour and monochrome to digital imaging and design. This learning is underpinned throughout by contextual and historical study that ultimately places the students’ own work within contemporary and historical practice.
Stage two

The second stage offers students further opportunity to produce work that reflects the individual student’s interests and specialist areas. The aim of this stage is that in completing the assignments, the student graduates with a portfolio of work and a range of knowledge that will take them forward, academically and/or professionally, along their chosen career path.
Typical modules include
Advertising photography
Colour darkroom practice
Curating and participating in exhibitions
Digital Media
Fashion photography
Location photography
Location techniques
Monochrome Darkroom Practice
Press and photojournalism
Studio techniques
Career opportunities

Destinations may include seeking commercial commissions as a photographer in editorial, press, advertising or fashion related fields. Other options are working as a photographic assistant, professional involvement in digital or virtual visual/photographic environments, picture/design agencies or photo libraries. Students may continue in higher education, ‘topping-up’ their HND to an honours degree through a further period of study on a BA (Hons) degree course.

Course Aims:
This short course will concentrate on improving your visual photography skills and help you realise your pictures using Photoshop. Students will be expected to take photographs on an ongoing basis throughout the duration of the course as part of the assessment procedure.

Course Outline:
Participants will be introduced to:
• Using camera features for creative control
• Being creative with your camera
• Understanding exposure
• Using Flash
• Approach’s to composition
• Digital darkroom techniques – learning about dodging and burning
• Colour toning
• Selective colouring
• Retouching
• Selection & Masking
• Composing images
• Using the History palette
• Advanced layers

Course Structure:
This course will be offered one evening per week for 10 weeks commencing October 2009.

Entry Requirements:
Completion of Digital Photography and Photoshop Level 1 is compulsory. You will need a digital camera for this course.

Course Fee:
Course fee is €250.

Programme Location:
Tipperary Institute – Thurles and Clonmel.

PHO 101 Photography I
3 credits
PHO 101 is an introduction to black and white photography as a fine art medium and develops the skills necessary for
basic camera and darkroom operations. Students will learn how to create sharp, properly exposed photographs using black and white film. They will also gain a working knowledge of their camera’s controls, use of basic filters and how to process and print black and white photographs.

PHO 102 Photography II
3 credits
Prerequisite: PHO 100 and 105 or PHO 101 or ART 151
PHO 102 further explores camera and lab operations and emphasizes individual creativity. The course includes the development of a comprehensive portfolio.

PHO103 Color Photography I
3 credits
Prerequisite PHO 101
PHO 103 covers the fundamentals of color photography such as color theory, light, the history of color photography, composition and film. Students will use 35mm color slide film, however, digital cameras are welcome.

PHO 107 History of Photography
3 credits
PHO 107 surveys the history of photography from its beginnings to the present. The emphasis will be on the study of individual photographers who have made significant contributions in the field. Students will attain an overview of technical, artistic, commercial and social development of photography as a form of visual communication.

PHO109 Photo Lab
1 credit
PHO 109 introduces students to basic darkroom operations, lab safety, proper equipment usage and darkroom techniques. Students will learn to process black & white film for optimum quality negatives, make contact prints as well as produce high quality custom black & white enlargements.

PHO 135 Photojournalism (Formerly PHO185)
3 credits
PHO 135 instructs the student in photography for newspapers and magazines. Traditional news photography, documentary photography, picture essay and picture story formats will be covered. Responsibility of the press, working conditions and editorial photography will be explored.

PHO 175 Point & Shoot Camera Techniques
1 Credit
PHO 175 is a stimulating two-day workshop designed to allow you to test the limits of your Point & Shoot camera. Even the simplest cameras can produce professional results when properly used. Digital or film point & shoot cameras
welcome.

PHO 175 Vacation Pictures (Formerly PHO108)
1 Credit
PHO 175 is a two-day workshop is designed for the traveler. The students will learn some technical and creative controls that will make their pictures sparkle no matter where they shoot. This is a practical course for any skill level wanting to enhance their travel photography. Digital or film cameras are
welcome.

PHO 176 Basic Camera Techniques (Formerly PHO100)
1 Credit
PHO 176 is designed to develop the skills necessary for basic camera operations and introduces students to photography as a fine art medium. Students will learn how to create sharp, properly exposed photographs using a variety of films. They will also gain a working knowledge of their camera’s controls and the use of basic filters and flash equipment to create the desired effects.

PHO 177 Intro to Digital Imaging
1 credit
PHO 177 is designed for the photographer or hobbyist alike to get up and running in the analog to digital world of imaging. Topics will include how to use your digital camera, flatbed scanning, working with photo CD’s and scanning film. Students will gain a basic working knowledge of pixels, resolution, printing and emailing digital photos and simple image manipulation using Photoshop or similar image editing software. This class is a must if you own or plan on owning a digital camera and/or scanner.

PHO 178 Business and Ethics in Photography
1 Credit
PHO 178 will provide fundamental business skills and ethical guidelines for those students perusing a career in professional photography. We’ll explore the principals and practices of successful freelance, editorial, stock, commercial, wedding, portrait and fine art photographers. Topics will include developing a business plan, advertising, cost analysis, model releases, property releases, copyrights, researching market and publications, the Web and the basis of making money in photography.

PHO 135 Photojournalism
3 credits
PHO 135 instructs you in photography for newspapers and magazines. Traditional news photography, documentary photography, picture essay and picture story formats will be covered. Responsibility of the press, working conditions and editorial photography will be explored.

PHO 179 Outdoor Portrait Workshop
1 credit
PHO 179 is designed to provide the serious photography student with hands-on tools and techniques to explore the art of outdoor portraits. Students will learn about controlling natural lighting, backdrops to enhance the subject and the use of format and lens selection to best fit the desired outcome.

PHO 203 Color Photography II
3 credits
Prerequisite: PHO 145
PHO 203 is designed for students who are developing a personal style and aesthetic in the medium of color photography and is an extension of Color Photography I. Personal expression will be stressed through individual critiques and projects.

PHO 204 Studio Lighting
3 credits
Prerequisites: PHO 100 and 105 or PHO 101 or ART 151
PHO 204 will explore the creative uses of studio lighting from the perspective of fine art and commercial photography with an emphasis on three dimensional object photography including, lighting techniques, backgrounds, working with shadows and highlights and photographing flat art.

PHO 205 Digital Photography I
3 Credits
PHO 205 analyzes acquisition and manipulation of digital images. Students study traditional photography methods of weaving contrast, sharpness, color, and composition together within the limitations of computer technology. The practical aspects of setting up a shoot, equipment needs, and camera controls will be discussed. Students examine such things as color correction, restoration, colorizing and archiving digital images.

PHO 205 Digital Photography II
3 Credits
Pre-requisite: Digital Photography I
PHO 205 is a continuation of the beginning digital photography class. This class will look at digital photography in terms of design and communication factors including color, visual design, lighting, graphics, and aesthetics.

PHO 226 Digital Darkroom
3 credits
PHO 226 is essentially, “Photoshop for Photographers.” Students will learn computer aided photography and darkroom techniques. The emphasis of this course is image-editing software, which can be used to color correct, retouch and composite photographic images. Other topics include image acquisition, storage, file management, special effects, hard copy and Web-based image output.

PHO 232 Portrait Photography
3 credits
PHO 232 will teach the technical and aesthetic aspects of studio and location portrait photography. This course explores the personal style of portraiture, history of the field and portraiture as a visual language and creative expression. This topic also includes lighting, composition, posing and equipment selection.

PHO 235 Commercial/Architectural Photos
3 credits
Prerequisites: PHO 101 or PHO 100 and 105, plus PHO 102 or higher
PHO 235 covers the more advanced aspects of commercial and architectural photography. Students will explore photographing subjects ranging from products to buildings with an emphasis on meeting the design demands of commercial clients, stock agencies and publishers. Various film types, formats and print reproduction aspects will be explored in depth.

PHO 242 Professional Digital Workflow
3 credits
PHO 242 is an advanced level course that is intended for the student pursuing a photographic career in which digital photography will play a major role. This class addresses the facets of determining what the workflow should be for a variety of applications, how to choose the right equipment and the best method of working with that equipment. Students will learn to select the most valuable enhancement tools, how to archive, edit and how to present and finish a product. Emphasis is on the practical, and how to produce a finished, salable product with maximum speed and accuracy.

PHO 260 Event/Wedding Photography
3 credits
Prerequisites: PHO 100 and 105 or PHO 101 or ART 151 or higher
PHO 260 is designed for the intermediate/ advanced photo student interested in learning the professional techniques associated with venue photography. Topics covered will include weddings, Barmitzvah/Basmitzvah, music concerts, sporting events, graduations and similar occasions. Students will gain hands-on knowledge and learn practical shooting skills. The course includes the business and planning aspects of ceremonial and event photography.

PHO 275 Close-up and Macro Photography
1 credit
PHO 275 will explore the techniques, aesthetics and equipment necessary to produce close-up and macro photographs. Students will photograph both inanimate and natural objects, indoors and outdoors using different approaches to these subjects.

PHO 276 Infrared Photography
1 credit
PHO 276 is a two-day intensive workshop is designed for the mid-level to advanced photography student. This course explores the uses of black and white infrared film for dramatic special effects photography. Students will need to use a 35mm camera.

PHO 276 Landscape and Scenic Photography
3 credits
PHO 276 is designed for the advanced photography student interested in perfecting their skills in shooting landscape or scenic photographs. Emphasis will be placed on careful attention to detail and lighting conditions, use of medium and large format equipment in both color and black and white images.

PHO 277 The Business of Photography
3 credits
PHO 277 examines the business of from the standpoint of the photographer who wishes to earn a part-time or fulltime living making and selling photographic images. For a photographer to survive in today’s business environment, he/she must apply sound business principles and be proactive in planning for the future. This course will aid students in developing a sound business plan and a useful strategy along with marketing, copyrights, cost analysis, releases and the web. Students will learn how to remain profitable in the business of photography.

PHO 277 Mastering Black and White Outdoor Photography
3 credits
PHO 277 will explore advanced techniques used by Master Photographers in exposing and printing professional B&W outdoor photos. Types of film, cameras, exposure methods, film processing and printing techniques will be covered. Exposure methods include the Zone System, use of filters, and advanced techniques to achieve the best possible negative to maximize print quality. All film formats welcome.

PHO 278 Finish and Display/Framing
1 credit
PHO 278 will teach students the proper execution and presentation of their fine art images through the use of dry mounting, matting and framing. Topics include measuring, matting, mounting, costing, supplies, professional techniques, simple framing and basic archival processes.

PHO 282 Special Effects: Darkroom
3 credits
Prerequisites: PHO 100 and 105 or PHO 101 or ART 151 or higher
PHO 282 is designed for intermediate to advanced level students. Students will explore such specialized photo techniques as infrared photography, solarization, multiple exposures, time exposures, direct positive black and white, multiple and montage printing techniques, abstracts and high contrast as well as film reticulation. Topics will include special filters, motion techniques and breaking all the rules. The primary emphasis will be on personal creativity and the aesthetic value in using special effects in visual communication.